{"id":981,"date":"2021-06-01T17:13:27","date_gmt":"2021-06-01T17:13:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/parque.online\/polariton\/?p=981"},"modified":"2025-06-02T15:57:24","modified_gmt":"2025-06-02T15:57:24","slug":"plasmonic-iq-modulators-with-attojoule-per-bit-electrical-energy-consumption-2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.polariton.ch\/polarisandbox\/?page_id=981","title":{"rendered":"Plasmonic IQ modulators with attojoule per bit electrical energy consumption"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Plasmonic IQ modulators with attojoule per bit electrical energy consumption <\/span><\/h2>\n<\/h1>\n<hr>\n<div>\n<div class=\"el-content uk-panel uk-margin-top\">\n<p>Heni, Wolfgang, et al. \u201cPlasmonic IQ modulators with attojoule per bit electrical energy consumption.\u201d Nature communications 10.1 (2019): 1-8.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<hr>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #808080;\">Abstract:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #808080;\">Coherent optical communications provides the largest data transmission capacity with the highest spectral efficiency and therefore has a remarkable potential to satisfy today\u2019s ever-growing bandwidth demands. It relies on so-called in-phase\/quadrature (IQ) electro-optic modulators that encode information on both the amplitude and the phase of light. Ideally, such IQ modulators should offer energy-efficient operation and a most compact footprint, which would allow high-density integration and high spatial parallelism. Here, we present compact IQ modulators with an active section occupying a footprint of 4\u2009\u00d7\u200925\u00a0\u00b5m\u2009\u00d7\u20093\u00a0\u00b5m, fabricated on the silicon platform and operated with sub-1-V driving electronics.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #808080;\">The devices exhibit low electrical energy consumptions of only 0.07 fJ bit\u22121 at 50 Gbit s\u22121, 0.3 fJ bit\u22121 at 200 Gbit s\u22121, and 2 fJ bit\u22121 at 400\u00a0Gbit s\u22121. Such IQ modulators may pave the way for application of IQ modulators in long-haul and short-haul communications alike.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<div>\n<p>    <img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Plasmonic-IQ-modulators-with-attojoule-per-bit-electrical-energy-consumption-2.png\" alt=\"Plasmonic IQ modulators with attojoule per bit electrical energy consumption\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" class=\"lazyload\"><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Plasmonic-IQ-modulators-with-attojoule-per-bit-electrical-energy-consumption-2.png\" alt=\"\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" class=\"lazyload\"><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41467-019-09724-7\">READ FULL ARTICLE<\/a>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.polariton.ch\/polarisandbox\/categoria\/knowledge-center\"><\/p>\n<p class=\"el-title uk-margin-top uk-margin-remove-bottom\"><strong><a class=\"el-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.polariton.ch\/polarisandbox\/categoria\/knowledge-center?customize_changeset_uuid=afa8203b-3adc-40bb-bff0-bc973588e0a9&amp;customize_autosaved=on&amp;customize_messenger_channel=preview-3\">Knowledge Center<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><!--more--><br \/>\n<!-- {\"type\":\"layout\",\"children\":[{\"type\":\"section\",\"props\":{\"style\":\"muted\",\"width\":\"default\",\"vertical_align\":\"middle\",\"title_position\":\"top-left\",\"title_rotation\":\"left\",\"title_breakpoint\":\"xl\",\"image_position\":\"center-center\"},\"children\":[{\"type\":\"row\",\"children\":[{\"type\":\"column\",\"props\":{\"image_position\":\"center-center\",\"media_overlay_gradient\":\"\",\"position_sticky_breakpoint\":\"m\"},\"children\":[{\"type\":\"headline\",\"props\":{\"title_element\":\"h1\",\"content\":\"\n\n<h2><span style=\\\"color: #000000;\\\">Plasmonic IQ modulators with attojoule per bit electrical energy consumption <\\\/span><\\\/h2>\",\"title_style\":\"h1\",\"title_font_family\":\"primary\",\"title_color\":\"emphasis\",\"position\":\"relative\"}}]}]}],\"modified\":\"2021-08-10T12:16:06.216Z\",\"name\":\"articles all plasmonics\"},{\"type\":\"section\",\"props\":{\"style\":\"default\",\"width\":\"default\",\"vertical_align\":\"middle\",\"title_position\":\"top-left\",\"title_rotation\":\"left\",\"title_breakpoint\":\"xl\",\"image_position\":\"center-center\"},\"children\":[{\"type\":\"row\",\"children\":[{\"type\":\"column\",\"props\":{\"image_position\":\"center-center\",\"media_overlay_gradient\":\"\",\"position_sticky_breakpoint\":\"m\"},\"children\":[{\"type\":\"divider\",\"props\":{\"divider_element\":\"hr\"}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"props\":{\"margin\":\"default\",\"column_breakpoint\":\"m\",\"content\":\"\n\n<div class=\\\"el-content uk-panel uk-margin-top\\\">\\n\n\n<p>Heni, Wolfgang, et al. \\u201cPlasmonic IQ modulators with attojoule per bit electrical energy consumption.\\u201d Nature communications 10.1 (2019): 1-8.<\\\/p>\\n<\\\/div>\"}},{\"type\":\"divider\",\"props\":{\"divider_element\":\"hr\"}}]}]},{\"type\":\"row\",\"props\":{\"layout\":\"3-4,1-4\"},\"children\":[{\"type\":\"column\",\"props\":{\"image_position\":\"center-center\",\"media_overlay_gradient\":\"\",\"width_medium\":\"3-4\",\"position_sticky_breakpoint\":\"m\"},\"children\":[{\"type\":\"quotation\",\"props\":{\"content\":\"\n\n<p style=\\\"text-align: justify;\\\"><span style=\\\"color: #808080;\\\">Abstract:<\\\/span><\\\/p>\\n\n\n<p style=\\\"text-align: justify;\\\"><span style=\\\"color: #808080;\\\">Coherent optical communications provides the largest data transmission capacity with the highest spectral efficiency and therefore has a remarkable potential to satisfy today\\u2019s ever-growing bandwidth demands. It relies on so-called in-phase\\\/quadrature (IQ) electro-optic modulators that encode information on both the amplitude and the phase of light. Ideally, such IQ modulators should offer energy-efficient operation and a most compact footprint, which would allow high-density integration and high spatial parallelism. Here, we present compact IQ modulators with an active section occupying a footprint of 4\\u2009\\u00d7\\u200925\\u00a0\\u00b5m\\u2009\\u00d7\\u20093\\u00a0\\u00b5m, fabricated on the silicon platform and operated with sub-1-V driving electronics.<\\\/span><\\\/p>\\n\n\n<p style=\\\"text-align: justify;\\\"><span style=\\\"color: #808080;\\\">The devices exhibit low electrical energy consumptions of only 0.07 fJ bit\\u22121 at 50 Gbit s\\u22121, 0.3 fJ bit\\u22121 at 200 Gbit s\\u22121, and 2 fJ bit\\u22121 at 400\\u00a0Gbit s\\u22121. Such IQ modulators may pave the way for application of IQ modulators in long-haul and short-haul communications alike.<\\\/span><\\\/p>\"}},{\"type\":\"gallery\",\"props\":{\"show_title\":false,\"show_meta\":false,\"show_content\":false,\"show_link\":true,\"show_hover_image\":true,\"grid_default\":\"1\",\"grid_medium\":\"3\",\"filter_style\":\"tab\",\"filter_all\":true,\"filter_position\":\"top\",\"filter_align\":\"left\",\"filter_grid_width\":\"auto\",\"filter_grid_breakpoint\":\"m\",\"overlay_mode\":\"cover\",\"overlay_hover\":true,\"overlay_style\":\"\",\"text_color\":\"light\",\"overlay_position\":\"center\",\"overlay_transition\":\"fade\",\"title_hover_style\":\"reset\",\"title_element\":\"h3\",\"meta_style\":\"meta\",\"meta_align\":\"below-title\",\"meta_element\":\"div\",\"link_text\":\"Read more\",\"link_style\":\"default\",\"text_align\":\"center\",\"margin\":\"default\",\"item_animation\":true,\"lightbox\":true,\"overlay_transition_background\":false,\"text_color_hover\":true,\"overlay_padding\":\"small\",\"overlay_link\":false},\"children\":[{\"type\":\"gallery_item\",\"props\":{\"image\":\"wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/11\\\/Plasmonic-IQ-modulators-with-attojoule-per-bit-electrical-energy-consumption-2.png\",\"image_alt\":\"Plasmonic IQ modulators with attojoule per bit electrical energy consumption\",\"hover_image\":\"wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/11\\\/Plasmonic-IQ-modulators-with-attojoule-per-bit-electrical-energy-consumption-2.png\"}}],\"modified\":\"2021-10-27T13:10:16.691Z\",\"name\":\"Gallery centro de conocimiento \"},{\"type\":\"button\",\"props\":{\"grid_column_gap\":\"small\",\"grid_row_gap\":\"small\",\"margin\":\"medium\",\"fullwidth\":false,\"margin_remove_bottom\":false,\"margin_remove_top\":false},\"children\":[{\"type\":\"button_item\",\"props\":{\"button_style\":\"default\",\"icon_align\":\"left\",\"link\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.nature.com\\\/articles\\\/s41467-019-09724-7\",\"link_title\":\"Plasmonic IQ modulators with attojoule per bit electrical energy consumption\",\"content\":\"READ FULL ARTICLE\",\"link_target\":\"blank\",\"icon\":\"link\"}}]}]},{\"type\":\"column\",\"props\":{\"image_position\":\"center-center\",\"media_overlay_gradient\":\"\",\"width_medium\":\"1-4\",\"position_sticky_breakpoint\":\"m\"},\"children\":[{\"name\":\"list all  articles dynamic \",\"type\":\"list\",\"children\":[{\"type\":\"list_item\",\"props\":{\"content\":\"\n\n<p class=\\\"el-title uk-margin-top uk-margin-remove-bottom\\\"><strong><a class=\\\"el-link\\\" href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/www.polariton.ch\\\/polarisandbox\\\/categoria\\\/knowledge-center?customize_changeset_uuid=afa8203b-3adc-40bb-bff0-bc973588e0a9&amp;customize_autosaved=on&amp;customize_messenger_channel=preview-3\\\">Knowledge Center<\\\/a><\\\/strong><\\\/p>\",\"link\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.polariton.ch\\\/polarisandbox\\\/categoria\\\/knowledge-center\",\"icon\":\"home\",\"icon_color\":\"primary\"}},{\"type\":\"list_item\",\"source\":{\"query\":{\"name\":\"posts.customPosts\",\"arguments\":{\"terms\":[13],\"category_operator\":\"IN\",\"post_tag_operator\":\"IN\",\"users\":[],\"users_operator\":\"IN\",\"offset\":0,\"limit\":13,\"order\":\"date\",\"order_direction\":\"DESC\"}},\"props\":{\"content\":{\"filters\":{\"search\":\"\"},\"name\":\"title\"},\"link\":{\"filters\":{\"search\":\"\"},\"name\":\"link\"}}}}],\"props\":{\"show_image\":true,\"show_link\":true,\"list_type\":\"vertical\",\"list_element\":\"ul\",\"list_horizontal_separator\":\", \",\"column_breakpoint\":\"m\",\"image_svg_color\":\"emphasis\",\"image_align\":\"left\",\"image_vertical_align\":true}}]}]}]}],\"version\":\"2.7.17\"} --><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Plasmonic IQ modulators with attojoule per bit electrical energy consumption Heni, Wolfgang, et al. \u201cPlasmonic IQ modulators with attojoule per bit electrical energy consumption.\u201d Nature communications 10.1 (2019): 1-8. Abstract: Coherent optical communications provides the largest data transmission capacity with the highest spectral efficiency and therefore has a remarkable potential to satisfy today\u2019s ever-growing bandwidth [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2115,"parent":4006,"menu_order":6,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-981","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-publications"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Plasmonic IQ modulators - Polariton<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"we demonstrate compact plasmonic IQ modulators on silicon with an active section occupying as little as 4\u2009\u00d7\u200925\u2009\u00b5m\u2009\u00d7\u20093\u2009\u00b5m of footprint .\" \/>\n<meta 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